Thursday, September 29, 2011

Florida Shipwrecks Hold Treasures And History

By Gladys Holland


Treasures and history held in Florida shipwrecks for many centuries came from people that traveled using a ship. With hurricanes, reefs, shallow water and pirates being widespread throughout the coastline, treasure ships (containing gold and silver coins obtained from the Inca and Aztec empires) lie wrecked in the coastal waters.

Pensacola Bay holds the Emanuel Point shipwreck that was sunk in 1559 because of a hurricane that devastated eleven ships and settlers. The sunken ship was uncovered in 1992.

In 1701, the Henrietta Marie slave ship left Jamaica and sank near Key West. The Henrietta Marie was located in 1972 while searching for the Atocha. Ivory tusks and iron shackles were pulled up, so they knew they discovered a slave ship. The ship's cast iron bell was recovered with the name Henrietta Marie on it. The Henrietta Marie is the oldest known slave trade shipwreck to be recognized by name.

In 1733, the Nuestra Espana Fleet was made up of three armed vessels and eighteen commercial ships. During a hurricane, the ships were grounded in the Florida Keys. The fleet is scattered over eighty miles of the Keys. The San Pedro shipwreck site is open for divers. The San Pedro is located in a white sand pocket encircled by turtle grass. This shipwreck site is part of Florida's oldest artificial reefs with many sea creatures living among the ballast stones and coral heads.

Twenty-seven vessels (called the Tierra Firme Fleet) sailed from South America to Spain in 1622. Silver from Mexico and Peru as well as gold and emeralds from Columbia and pearls from Venezuela were included in the shipment. A hurricane in the Keys sunk the Atocha and Santa Margarita vessels. Millions of dollars and hundreds of lives were unable to be found. Vast amounts of treasure were located in the Keys in 1985 at the Atocha Spanish galleon site. Key West is showcasing this treasure including artifacts and gold pieces found.

In 1715, the Urca de Lima was one of ten treasure ships lost in an Atlantic hurricane. More than fifteen million dollars worth of treasure and seven hundred seamen sank with the ship. Spain recovered approximately four million dollars in sunken treasure, however for more than 250 years the remaining treasure is still on the ocean floor. The Urca de Lima shipwreck site is open for divers. Read more about: florida shipwrecks




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