Friday, September 16, 2011

The Best Tools for Making an Emergency Campfire

By Chuck Armstrong


Fire is a crucial component of wilderness survival. Indeed, in a wilderness survival predicament, only shelter is to be thought of as equal insofar as urgency. The truth is, fire delivers warmth and also serves the dual purpose of providing a signal for rescuers. Not only that, it provides an effective means to make potable water and cook food. The point is, a requirement for survival is fire.

So then, imagine for a moment, that you're confronted with a scenario where you will have to survive in the wilderness. Let's say that you've wandered off a hiking trail by accident. Or maybe you followed your car's turn by turn GPS directions, which guided you miles and miles down some dusty unimproved and virtually impassable mountain road where you promptly got stuck. Maybe society finally broke down and the ensuing societal anarchy has made it necessary for you to hike on foot, away from roads and highways, to your crazy Uncle Larry's 500 acre compound in Wyoming (funny how crazy Uncle Larry turned out the be the sane one). Whatever the situation, there's no avoiding the need to have the right tools to make fire tucked away in your survival pack. So, what are the most efficient instruments of fire that you should think about having in your ongoing survival list? Consider a few possibilities.

Waterproof matches - There's no going wrong with a basic match and striker strip. They're cheap, simple to use, and add almost no weight to your pack. Procure several boxes, tuck them in your pack and then forget about them until you need to make a fire.

Waterproof lighter - Like the aforementioned matches, a lighter's biggest benefit is that you already know how to use it. Not only that, it is relatively effective, and quite easy to lug around. There's no reason not to have a handful of them packed. If you don't want to pay for a fancy waterproof model, just get a few ziplock baggies, throw some plain old Bic lighters in, and stow it away.

For some more complicated, but infinitely cooler ways to make fire...

Fire piston - A fire piston works by placing a small piece of tinder into a tube-like cylinder. You then rapidly plunge the cylinder into an airtight chamber. Similar to a diesel engine, the ultra-fast compression of air generates enough heat to ignite the tinder, which you can place in a larger bundle of tinder to start a fire. A quality fire piston will be both waterproof and essentially indestructible.

Flint and steel - This reliable means for starting a fire consists of obtaining flammable powder from a small block of flint, then igniting the powder with a spark (also generated from the flint). The burning powder will generate a lot of heat, and as long as it's surrounded by the proper amount of dry tinder, you'll have a fire in no time.

Finally, unless you have a great deal of experience igniting fires, your survival list should contain starter materials, like pre-packaged tinder, or basic fire starter sticks available in practically any retailer that sells outdoor goods. These materials are cheap as can be and all but guarantee a fire.

Also, it should be noted that carrying multiple, redundant ways of starting a fire is highly advisable. It's just too easy to drop a lighter only to have it covered by leaves and lost forever. Don't go into nature without at least two means of making fire with three to four being ideal.




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